Fourth Generation Inclusive

Historical Documents of Genealogical Interest to Researchers of North Carolina's Free People of Color

He was ignorant of his right.

59th CONGRESS, 1st Session}  SENATE. {DOCUMENT No. 471.

[Court of Claims. Congressional, No. 11397. Hardy A. Brewington, administrator of the estate of Raiford Brewington, deceased, v. The United States.]

STATEMENT OF CASE.

Senate Bill 4292, reading as follows, was introduced on February 10, 1904, and was referred to this court on April 28, 1904, by resolution of the Senate for findings of fact under the terms of section 14 of the act approved March 3, 1887, and commonly known as the Tucker Act.

FINDINGS OF FACT.

  1. Claimant’s decedent, Raiford Brewington, was a free colored man, residing during the late civil war in Sampson County, N.C., and throughout said war he remained loyal to the United States Government.
  2. During said war the United States military forces, under proper authority, took from claimant’s decedent, in Sampson County, N.C., for the use of the Army, quartermaster stores and commissary supplies of the kinds described in the petition, which at the time and place of taking were reasonably worth the sum of five hundred and thirty dollars ($530.) No payment appears to have been made for said property of any part thereof.
  3. It appears from the evidence that claimants decedent was a colored man, who was ignorant of his right to present a claim to the Claims Commission established by the act approved March 3, 1871, during the two years allowed by law for filing of claims before said Commission. There was no other opportunity for presentation of this claim save by petition to Congress. These facts are reported as bearing upon the question  of whether there has been delay or laches in the presentation of said claim.    By the Court.

Filed May 14, 1906.

A true copy: Test this 32st day of May, 1906 [seal.]      John Randolph, Assistant Clerk Court of Claims

United States Congressional Serial Set, Issue 4916, p. 41.

He is carrying a dead man’s free papers.

$30 REWARD. – I will give the above reward of Thirty Dollars to any person who will apprehend and deliver to me, or confine in jail so that I can get him, my negro man TOM, who ran away from me about the 9th of February last. TOM is about forty-two or forty-three years old, about five feet five or six inches high, rather light built, of light complexion, almost of the Indian order, lank or hollow jawed, wears his hair combed up in front, when spoken to has a down look, no particular mark recollected, except a scar from a severe cut on his right fore finger. It is believed he has with him Free Papers belonging to James Lucas or Locust, who froze to death in January last in the neighborhood; since which his Free Papers have not been found or heard of; and I have no doubt TOM is now passing himself as James Lucas or Locust as a free man. I have reason to believe that he is occasionally lurking about Louisburg, as I bought him of Mr. JOSIAH BRIDGES of that vicinity.

All persons are cautioned against employing, harboring, carrying away, or assisting him to get away, as the law will in every case be rigidly enforced.  RICHARD SHORT.

Vicksville P.O., Nash county, N.C. August 21, 1839.

North Carolina Standard, Raleigh, 4 September 1839.

United States Colored Troops, no. 9.

37 U.S.C.T. Edmond T. Jones. Co. T, 35 Reg’t U.S. Col’d Inf. appears on Company Descriptive Book of the organization named above. Description: age, 19 years; height, 5 feet 10 inches; complexion, black; eyes, black; hair, black; where born, Franklin County, NC; occupation, laborer. Enlistment: when, 1 December  1863; where, Norfolk VA; by whom, A.P. Smith; term, 3 years. Remarks: free before April 19, 1861; mustered out Brazos, Santiago, Texas, 4 Feb 1866.

In the 1860 census of Galloways, Franklin County: Chesley Jones, 29, ditcher, wife Kersiah, 24, and children Georgianna, 7, Joshua, 6, Joseph, 5, Martha, 3, and Major, 2, plus Edmond Jones, 21, ditcher.

15 U.S.C.T. Ephraim Anderson. Co. D, 15 Reg’t U.S. Col’d Inf. appears on Company Descriptive Book of the organization named above. Description: age, 37 years; height, 5 feet 7 inches; complexion, light; eyes, blue; hair, dark; where born, Granville County, NC; occupation, carpenter. Enlistment: when, 29 September 1864; where, Columbus, Ohio; by whom, Capt. Ben. Nesbitt; term, 1 year.

In the 1860 census of Dutch, Granville County: Ephraim Aanderson, 32, day laborer, John Curtis, 35, day laborer, and Alex Mitchell, 25, farmer, in the household of Jesse Oakley, farmer.

15 U.S.C.T. Lindsey Anderson. Co. D, 15 Reg’t U.S. Col’d Inf. appears on Company Descriptive Book of the organization named above. Description: age, 30 years; height, 5 feet 8 inches; complexion, dark; eyes, hazel; hair, black; where born, Granville County, NC; occupation, laborer. Enlistment: when, 29 September 1864; where, Columbus, Ohio; by whom, Lt. Wheaton; term, 1 year; remarks: mustered same as enlistment, discharged by reason of expiration of service 29 September 1865.

In the 1860 census of Oxford, Granville County: Linsey Anderson, 32, farmer, wife Polly, 25, and children Polly, 6, and Sarah, 4.

27 U.S.C.T. Thomas H. Evans. Co. D, 27 Reg’t U.S. Col’d Inf. appears on Company Descriptive Book of the organization named above. Description: age, 36 years; height, 5 feet 8 inches; complexion, dark; eyes, black; hair, black; where born, Granville County, NC; occupation, laborer. Enlistment: when, 27 February 1864; where, Delaware County, Ohio; by whom, G. St. Clair; term, 3 years; remarks: discharged 7 October 1864, mustered 8 March 1864 at Camp Delaware O by Capt. Bond.

In the 1860 census of Nutbush, Granville County: D. Stewart, 16, James Stewart, 8, Nancy Stewart, 6, Thomas Evans, 35, and D. A. Marrow, 26, all mulatto except Marrow, who was white. 

They built a school for themselves.

Prior to 1835 these people claim to have attended the schools of the whites. In 1859 they built a school for themselves, which was taught by Alvin Manuel, a Croatan. After the War they were given a public school in this community, but the effort to force the attendance of children of negro blood in this school brought on friction and finally resulted in the withdrawal of county support and disrupted the school.

From George E. Butler, “The Croatan Indians of Sampson County, North Carolina. Their Origin and Racial Status. A Plea for Separate Schools,” (1916).

Michael Alvin Manuel was born about 1837 in Sampson County and died in 1922 in Wayne County.

In the 1850 census of Northern District, Sampson County: Michael Manuel, 63, cooper; wife Fereby, 49; and children Gideon, 19, Cintilla, 16, Drusilla, 15, Michael, 13, Eden, 11, John, 9, William, 7, Enoch, 4, and Nancy, 1; all described as mulatto.

Jordan Harris and sons, Lewis and Andrew.

ImageImageImageJordan Harris (1822-1916) and his sons Lewis Harris (1852-1931) and Andrew Harris (1854-1932) of Wilkes County.

For more about the Harris family, see http://www.journalpatriot.com/news/other/article_6e0755c2-50fd-11e1-b5f1-0019bb30f31a.html

Photos found at Ancestry.com. 

He has a free wife near Stantonsburg.

$50 Reward. RAN AWAY from the subscriber about 6 years ago, a negro man named JACOB. He is about 35 years of age, 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, about the common color, tolerably active, has narrow feet, and a small scar over one of his eyes. It is probably he has altered his name, as he frequently passes from Stantonsburg to Newbern. He has a free wife by the name of Rancy Artis, living near Stantonsburg, & it is likely he attempts to pass for a free man. The above reward will be given to any person who shall deliver said Negro to me, living five miles about Stantonsburg, or confine him in Jail, so that I get him again. All masters of vessels are forwarned carrying him off. JOEL NEWSOM.  Wayne county, Aug. 7

Raleigh Register and North Carolina Weekly Advertiser, 19 November 1824.

Onslow County Apprentices, 1828-1833.

Durant Dove and Willis Dove were bound to James Mills in 1828.

In the 1850 census of Upper Richlands, Onslow County, Durant Dove, 40, mulatto, wife Anny and children Margarett Ann, Eliza Jane, Wm., Julia, Nancy, Durant, Edward, Mandy, Joshua, and Henry.

Durant Henderson and Willis Henderson were bound to James Mills in 1829.

Jacob [no last name] was bound to John Langley in 1829.

Silas White, son of Esther White, was bound to Jesse Sandlin in 1830.

Jesse Holly was bound to Phenehas Rouse in 1832.

Tom Hammonds was bound to Leroy Hammonds in 1832.

In the 1850 census of Half Moon, Onslow County: Thos. Hammonds, 55, farmer, wife Sena, 55, Susan Hammonds, 35, Thomas Hammonds, 24, Seana Littleton, 14, and Marthy White, 13. Thomas the elder reported $800 personal property. [Sidenote: if Thomas were the son of Thomas and Sena Hammonds, a married couple, upon what basis was he bound out?]

Edward Griffith and Sarah Griffith were bound to David Jarman in 1833.

This is possibly the Edward Griffith listed in the 1840 census of South Side of Neuse River, Craven County, as the head of a household of three free people of color.

Her husband was a pensioner.

State of North Carolina, County of Granville

On this fourth day of February One thousand eight hundred and fifty six before the Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions held within and for the County and State aforesaid, personally appeared Mrs. Tabitha Pettiford aged Sixty eight years a resident near Oxford in the County of Granville in the State of North Carolina who being duly Sworn according to law doth on her oath make the following declaration in order to obtain the benefit of the provision made by the Act of Congress passed on the third day of February A.D. 1853 granting pensions to widows of persons who Served during the Revolutionary War that she is the widow of George Pettiford deceased who was a Private in the North Carolina Continental line in the War of the Revolution that her said husband was a Pensioner of the United States under the act of March 18th A.D. 1818 at the rate of Ninety six dollars per annum which was paid to him at the agency in Fayettville in the State of North Carolina she further states that she was married to the said George Pettiford in Granville County in the Tenth day of May 1837 by one John Mallory a Minister of the Gospel and that her name before her said marriage was Tabitha Johnson that her said husband died at his residence in the County of Granville in the State of North Carolina on the Fifth day of February in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty three that She was not married to the said George Pettiford prior to the second day of January eighteen hundred but at the time above stated she further stated that there is a Public record of her marriage and that there is no Private record of her marriage and further declares that she is now a widow and has not married since his death that she cannot file herewith her husband’s original certificate of pension from the fact that it was sent to the office of the 3d addition of the treasury to which she refers in support of this her claim.

She hereby appoints J. C. Codner of Smithfield North Carolina (irrevocably) her true and lawful attorney to prosecute this her claim for pension to receive the certificate when issued and to do all other acts necessary and proper in the premises.       Tabitha X Pettiford

L. A. Paschall Ch’mn of Granville County Court

From the file of George Pettiford, Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files, National Archives and Records Administration.

In the 1850 census of Oxford, Granville County: George Petterford, age 106, and wife Tobitha, 47. Next door, Edmond Pettyford, 50, and wife Rebecca, 52.

George Pettiford married Taby Johnson, 1 May 1837, in Granville County. Edmond Pettiford was bondsman, and G.C. Wiggins witnessed.

Surnames: Haywood County, 1850.

The following surnames are found among free people of color in Haywood County in 1850:

ALDRED, BELL, CARTER, CARY, EVANS, GRIMES and WORD.

I am informed he went off with a free man of color.

Twenty-five Dollars Reward. I will give the above reward of twenty-five dollars, for apprehending and securing in jail, or otherwise, negro Isaac, so that I get him again, and will pay all necessary expences if delivered to me at my place of residence, in the county of Edgecombe, about two miles east of the stage road leading from Tarborough to Enfield, and about eight miles from the latter. Isaac is a bright mulatto; sprightly, possessing much impudence, has a bushy head, and well proportioned in his form; his size I am not prepared to say, not having seen him for near twelve months – his age I imagine about twenty. This negro, I understand, absconded from Dr. Landon Clanton, of the town of Halifax, to whom he was hired for the present year. It is highly probably, that this boy has obtained a fraudulent pass, and will endeavour to pass for a freeman; a circumstance which goes to support such a conclusion is, I am informed he went off with a free man of color, named Napoleon Cabarrus, who resides in or about Edenton, N.C. and that they have been seen together beyond Pollock’s ferry, on Roanoke. Masters of vessels and all others are hereby cautioned against harboring or carrying off said negro Isaac at their peril.  ELI B. WHITAKER, Trustee, &c. Edgecombe Co. N.C., Aug., 28, 1826.

Free Press, Halifax and Tarboro, 29 August 1826.