Fourth Generation Inclusive

Historical Documents of Genealogical Interest to Researchers of North Carolina's Free People of Color

Category: Apprentices

Craven County Apprentices, 1784-1787.

On 18 December 1784, Hagar Black, a free Negro girl aged 4 years next May, was bound to Mary Heath, widow, “in the necessary Business Incident to House Wifery.”

On 16 December 1786, Rhoda, a mulatto girl aged 16 years, was bound to William Smith.

On 16 March 1787, Liza, a free Negro girl aged 11 years, was bound to William Good, Esq., for housewifery.

On 12 June 1787, Jim Moore, orphan mulatto boy aged 7 years, was bound to Edward Potter as a carpenter and joiner.

On 12 June 1787, Joseph Drigg, orphan aged 18 years, was bound to John West of New Bern as a carpenter and joiner.

On 12 June 1787, Abel Carter, a free Negro boy aged about 8 years, was bound to Abner Neale, Esq., as a cooper.

On 13 June 1787, an orphan lad named Will, now aged 3 years, was bound to Mary Heath as a servant.  [A second indenture that indicated Will is a “Negroe Boy.”]

On 14 September 1787, Stephen Lewis, a Negro boy, was bound to William Carter as a turner.

Threatened his life if he said otherwise than that he was a slave.

A KIDNAPPING CASE.

On Friday last, a man whose name is supposed to be Elisha Kirkman, arrived here by the way of the Rail Road, bringing with him a black boy 14 or 15 years of age, whom he represented to be his slave.  The next day he sold the boy, for $325, to Mr. R.H. Grant, of this town, giving the usual warrantee title to him, and signing the bill of sale John Parker.  Soon after the purchase was a made and a check for the amount had been given, Mr. Grant questioned the boy as to where he came from &c., when the boy declared he was free, and gave this account of himself: That his name is Edward Bailey, and is a native of Guilford County, in this State, where his father, whose name is Samuel Bailey, and who is a bricklayer by trade, now lives.  That the County Court of Guilford, some four or five months since, bound him until twenty-one years of age, to one Alvin or Alva Kirkman,  That the man who brought him here is the brother of the man to whom he was bound, and that he bought his (the boy’s) time from his brother with two horses and a few dollars in money.  That after he got him into possession, he brought him down the country, travelling with a horse-wagon, pretending that he was going to the sea-shore to get a load of oysters.  That after they struck the Rail Road, somewhere near Rocky Mount, Kirkman threatened his life if he said otherwise than that he was his slave, and leaving the wagon, they came on here in the cars, Kirkman selling him as above mentioned.

After hearing this statement, Mr. Grant went in pursuit of Kirkman, and demanded to have the check which he had given him for the boy returned.  He returned it readily. Mr. Grant then got out a process for his apprehension.  – He was arrested as he was going on board one of the Charleston Steamers, to take passage on her, and committed to jail. He now acknowledges that the boy is free.  On Monday he was examined before Justices Nichols and Peden, and in default of bail, was remanded to jail, to stand a trial before the Superior Court for New Hanover county. – Wilmington Chronicle of the 8th inst.

Carolina Watchman, Salisbury, 16 March 1848.

In the 1850 census of Southern Division, Guilford County: Samuel Baily, 53, black, laborer, wife Nancy, 35, and children James M., 7, and Mary Jane Baily, 5. Next door, the household of James Woody, a white blacksmith.

A bill to bind out the mulatto children of white women.

Mr. Baker moved for leave to bring in a bill to impower the Justices of the Inferior Courts to bind out Mulatto Children born of any white woman

Ordered that he have leave accordingly

Mr. Baker presented the aforementioned Bill which he read in his place and delivered in at the Table where the same was again read by the Clerk.  Then on Motion, Ordered that the said Bill lie on the Table for the perusal of the House.

From the Minutes of the Lower House of the North Carolina General Assembly, Tuesday, 25 Nov 1760, p. 495.  Colonial and State Records of North Carolina.

Craven County Apprentices, 1762-1783.

On 7 April 1762, Lydia, a free Negro girl aged 13 years; Acey, a free Negro boy aged 11 years; Aaron, a free Negro boy aged 9 years; and David, a free base born Negro aged 7 years were bound to Mrs. Anna Bryan until 18 to learn the house and plantation business.

On 5 July 1764, Ball, a baseborn Negro child 3 years and 10 months, and Hannah, a base born Negro child aged 1 year 4 months, were bound to Peter Rhem as servants until 21 years old.

On 19 June 1775, Thomas, a free Negro, was bound for 6 years to Edward Francks as a laborer.

On 15 March 1777, Abigail, a free Negro aged 11 years, was bound to Peter Rhem to learn to spin and do house work.

On 13 June 1778, Solomon Carter, a free Negro boy aged 5 years, was bound to Richard Neale as a cooper.

On 13 March 1783, George Carter, free Negro boy aged 6 years, was bound to Thomas McLin, Esq., as a cooper.

On 12 September 1783, Edward Black, freeborn Negro boy aged 6 years, was bound to Thomas Heath as a shoemaker.

On 13 December 1783, Betty Spellman, free Negro girl aged 4 years next January, was bound to John Tillman for spinning, weaving, and housework.

On 13 December 1783, Shadrach Lindsay, a free mulatto boy aged 10 years, bound to John Avery as a house carpenter.

Onslow County Apprentices, 1813-16.

Asa Hammonds was bound to Joseph Mitchell in 1813.

Asa Hammonds married Charlotte Jarman on 28 Oct 1817 in Onslow County. Joseph Mitchell was bondsman and Banister Lester, witness.  The 1820 census of L.R. Lands [Lower Richlands] district, Onslow County, lists an Asa Hammonds as the head of a household that comprised one male aged 26-45, one male under age 10, one female aged 16-26 and one female under age 10, all white.  The 1860 census of Lower South West district, Onslow County shows Asa Hammonds, 65, in the household of Calton Boon, 52, wife Catherine, 40, and children John, 6, and Elizabeth Boon, 4.

James Shepard was bound to Hill Williams in 1813.

John Waldron was bound to Edward Erwin in 1813.

James Shepard, son of Betsy Shepard, a white woman, was bound to John Johnston in 1814.

Joshua Whitehurst was bound to Whitehead Humphrey in 1816.

Frederick Potter was bound to Daniel Bradham in 1816.

In the 1850 census, of Tuckahoe, Jones County: Frederick Potter, 50, wife Laney, 58, plus Thursey Cummings, 26, and Lewis Cummings, 1, all mulatto.  Frederick Potter married Elany Cummings on 10 January 1835 in Duplin County.

Apprenticeship Records, Records of Onslow County, North Carolina State Archives; Onslow County Marriages, Register of Deeds, Onslow County; Duplin County Marriages, Register of Deeds, Duplin County; US population schedules.

I was stolen from my parents.

State of Virginia, Southampton County  } SS.

On this 7 day of March 1834 personally appeared in open court before the Justices of the county court of Southampton now acting Drewry Tann (a Free man of Colour) a Resident of said county aged about seventy five years who being first duly sworn according to Law doth on his oath make the following declaration in order to obtain the benefit of the act of Congress passed June the 7th 1832.

That he enlisted under Capt. Hadley in the County of Wake in the State of North Carolina (and states the manner he came in the service as follows) that being born free in the county of Wake he was stolen from his parents when a small boy by persons unknown to him, who were carrying him of to sell him into to [sic] Slavery, and had gotten with him and other stolen property, as far as the mountains on their way, that his parents made complaint to a Mr. Tanner Alford who was then a magistrate in the county of Wake State of N. Carolina to get me back from those who had stolen me, and he did pursue the Rogues & overtook them at the mountains and took me from them & my parents agreed that I should serve him (Tanner Alford) until I was twenty one years old, when he had served Alford several years (Six years) it came Alfords time to go in the army (or he told me so) and told me if I would go in the army he would set me free on which conditions I readily listed under Capt. Hadley for eighteen months as he was told and marched to Charleston and thence to Jameses Isleand where he served out his term of enlistment that he had a discharge and was about returning home when a Capt. Benjamin Coleman (who told me he lived in Bladen County N. Carolina) took his discharge from him and tried to compel him to remain in the service & be his waitingman – his name is to be found in the Records of the State of North Carolina as he is informed by Mr. Deverieux of the City of Raleigh N. Carolina & the term of his enlistments as well as the fact of his enlisting under Capt. Hadley as state above – he cannot state at what period of the war he entered the service. General Green was the commander in chief, Col Lightly & Capt Lightly. Adjutant Ivy that he served in the N. Carolina Regiment, that he has no other documentary evidence than that refered to in the Archives in the State of N. Carolina at the City of Raileigh and knows of no person living who can testify to his service. He hereby relinquishes every claim whatever to a pension or annuity except the present & declares that his name is not on the pension roll of the agency of any state.  Drewry X Tann

The said Drewry Tann states that he was born in the county of Wake N. Carolina in what year he does not know, that he has no Record of his age, that he was living in Wake County N. Carolina when he was Enlisted and that he has lived since the Revolution in the countys of Northampton N. Carolina and Southampton Virginia. That he lives in the county of Southampton at this time.  That he listed volluntarily in the army under Capt. Hadley. He since as before stated on Jameses isleand near Charleston S. Carolina when there were some English prisoners & he was sometimes stationed as a guard on them, Gen Green was the commanding officer Col and Capt Lightley & Adjutant Ivy are all the names he can at this time remember he does not know what regiments he served with – he did secure a discharge from the service & Capt. Coleman took it from him & what has become of it he cannot say. He is known to Mr. Edwin G. Hart Mr. W. Owens John Hart Col. Clements Rochelle James Maggett Davis Bryant and many others.    Drewry X Tann

Sworn to and subscribed in open court this 17 day of May 1834

From the file of Drewry Tann, Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files, National Archives and Records Administration.

Caswell County Will Books: G.

At  April term, 1815, Zachariah Ballard, age 2 years July next, a boy of colour, bound to Simon Denny.

At January term, 1817, Thomas Phillips, boy of colour, age 2, and Rachel Phillips, girl of colour, age 5 years the 9th of September last, bound to William Kennon.  Also, William Howell, boy of colour, age 12 years last September, bound to Thomas Kennon, and Peter Huston, boy of colour, age 2 years, bound to William Douglas.

At July term, 1819, “Emancipation of a negro man named Billy, 5 feet, 9 inches high, age 21 years, to be free from me and my heirs. /s/ William Edenfield, 6 July 1815.”  Proved at Lynchburg, Virginia, in July 1815. Certificate recorded in Caswell County.

Without consent or knowledge.

State of North Carolina, To the Sheriff of Onslow County — Greeting

Whereas James Barrow had by the Court of Pleas and quarter sessions for the county of Onslow some courts back had bound to him a certain child a person of Coulor by the name of Mary Hammond without the consent or knowledge of the mother of said child and where the said mother Serena Hammond hath made application for us to grant her a relief so as to have said child taken from said Barrow and bound unto some other person and we willing to do the premisis whatever seems right you are therefore commanded to make known to the said James Barrow to appear before our County Court to be held for the County of Onslow at the Court house in Onslow on the first Monday of August next then and there go Show Cause if any he has why said Indentur should not be recinded and herein fail not and have you then and there this writ

Witness Banester Clerk of our said at Court at Onslow the first Monday of May 1819 and in the 43rd year of American Independence           BANESTER LESTER CCC

Apprentice Records, Records of Onslow County, North Carolina State Archives.

Caswell County Will Books: F.

At June court, 1809, Harvey Turner, child of colour, 4 years old the 25th of February last, bound to William V. Brown.

At April term, 1810, Nancy Owens, female infant of colour, 15 years old last September, bound to Daniel Hightower.

At April term, 1810, Hack Brown, boy of colour age 9 years the 6th of February last, bound to James Warren.

At August term, 1810, Jefferson Artis, free boy of colour of age of 3 years, bound to Peggy L. Nash.

At July term, 1812, Matilda Garrott, girl of colour, age 3 years the 4th of April last, bound to Danl. Darby.

At April term, 1814, Amy Phillips, girl of colour, age 2 years in September next, and Daniel Phillips, boy of colour, 4 years old the 22nd inst., bound to Joseph Knight.  Also, Frederick Phillips, boy of colour, age 6 years last March, and Dilcey Phillips, girl of colour, age 9 years next September, bound to Ellis Evans.

Onslow County apprentices, 1812.

The following free children of color were appenticed in Onslow County in 1812:

Elisha, Peter, Carlton and unnamed Boon, children of Betsey Boon, to Nathaniel Loomis.

Elisha Boon and Calton Boon appear in the 1840 census of Onslow County, each heading households comprised of two free people of color.  In 1850, Calton Boon, 46, cooper, wife Kitty, 30, and daughter Clarrissa, 1 month, are listed in Lower South West district, Onslow County.  In 1860, in the same district, Calton Boon, 52, fisherman, wife Catharine, 40, children John, 6, and Elizabeth A., 4, and Asa Hammonds, 65, farmer.  Elisha Boon, 50, fisherman, appears by himself in Half Moon district, Onslow County.

Jim [no last name given] to Jesse Sandlyn.

Mary Hammons to Cader Cooper.

Susannah Hammons to Hester Willey.

Apprenticeship Records, Onslow County Records, North Carolina State Archives.