Fourth Generation Inclusive

Historical Documents of Genealogical Interest to Researchers of North Carolina's Free People of Color

Category: Crime

On the criminal docket.

The Fall term of Cumberland Superior Court of Law commenced its Session yesterday, that Hon. John L. Bailey, presiding.  We learn that owing to the number of cases on the State docket, several of which are for capital felonies, an Extra term for the trial of civil cases is ordered to be held on the second Monday in February next.  To-day, the trial of Daniel and James Butler, for the killing of Thomas F. Richardson, in Sept. 1850, will take place – the Grand Jury found a bill against them for manslaughter only. To-morrow and the next day will be probably occupied in the trial of Richard Jackson for the killing of James Barksdale, and Dave Jones, a free mulatto, for a the murder of a white woman in Campbellton in August last.

Fayetteville Observer, 11 November 1851.

Beware!

Beware of the Villain!

An Irishman, called himself McGraw, has, for several months past, been loitering about this neighborhood in company with a free mulatto woman, whom he calls his wife.  No species of villainy is new to this abandoned wretch, who seems to have such a refined taste in the selection of his better half.  He is believed to be the man who persuaded a free girl of color to leave her employer in Salisbury, as they were afterwards seen in company, wending their way towards Wadesboro, N.C. It would be well for the public to keep a good look out, and if he should make his appearance in a tangible form, to let the law, if not the gallows, have its just rights.  JOSEPH HAINES.  Fulton, Rowan Co., N.C., June 6 1832 [sic]  6 June 1835

Horse-stealing, redux.

STOLEN from the subscriber at Wake Court House, on Wednesday evening last, a bright bay HORSE, 4 feet 11 inches high, with remarkable small feet, canters and trots well, and is very spirited, several saddle spots on his back.  The above horse was stolen by a free mulatto man, of the name of THOMAS BOWSER, a blacksmith by trade, who formerly worked in Fayetteville, very ingenious at his business, a bushy head, and very dark complexion, can read and write well: It is suspected he is gone to Hillsborough.

Any person apprehending the thief, and recovering the horse, by leaving him with the subscriber, at Col. J. Lane’s at Wake Court-House, shall receive the above reward.  PETER BIRD.

Fayetteville Gazette, 11 Dec 1792.

They left their wives and took up horse-stealing.

Arrested on Suspicion. – On the 28th ultimo, two persons of suspicious appearance, one a white man and the other a mulatto, were arrested in this place, and after a hearing before a Magistrate, committed to Jail.  When first arrested, the white man gave his name as William Carter, and claimed the mulatto as his slave – said that they were both carpenters in search of work, and that they were from Rockingham county, N.C. After their commitment, Carter acknowledged that he had given a wrong name, that his true name is James Oliver, that the mulatto is a free man by the name of Alexander Carter.  They both state that they have wives, whom they left at Bruce’s cross roads in Guilford county. 

Oliver is about 5 feet 6 inches high, 26 or 27 years of age – Carter is about the same in height.

There is reason to believe they have been engaged in stealing horses, a gentleman having stated here that two horses had been stolen in Patrick county, Va., and traded off near Madison, N.C., and two others between Lexington and Salisbury, supposed to have done by two persons answering the description of the above.  They were well armed, each having a Pistol and a Bowie-knife, with plenty of ammunition.  The white man also carried a long Jack-knife, and the mulatto a steel walking stick with a buckhorn head.  – Camden Journal.

Carolina Watchman, Salisbury, 7 Oct 1847.

The mulatto man who married my sister did it.

Horrid Murder. – The wife of Jonathan Dalton of Montfort’s Cove, in this County, was committed to jail, in this town, on Wednesday last, charged with shooting her husband, while asleep, on the morning of the previous day.  The evidence against her, we are told, is entirely circumstantial, as no person is known to have been in the house when the deed was perpetrated except herself and husband.  She, however, states that a mulatto man who had married her sister, came to the house during the night, and that he endeavoured to persuade her to leave her husband and go home with him; that she went out of the house early in the morning and left them both within, when she soon heard the discharge of a gun, and without entering the house fled to the neighbors for aid – saying that a mulatto man had killed her husband.  Her tale is by no means consistent. She had been married to him but three or four months, and we are told, that they had not lived together for a considerable portion of the time, and that she had positively declared that she never would live with him. We must forbear to state the circumstance relative to this transaction which have come to us, as they might serve to prejudice her trial, which will probably take place in October next.  Dalton, we are informed, was dead before any of his neighbors arrived.  Suspicion falls on another person as having been an accessory.

Miners’ and Farmers’ Journal, Charlotte, 31 July 1832.

The disclosure was unworthy of attention.

RANDOLPH JAIL BURNT.

Between one and two o’clock in the morning of Saturday last, Rev. Mr. Lawrence was surprised in his dormitory by the glare of a light.  Rushing to the door, he beheld the roof of the brick jail recently built, in flames.  Having rung his tavern bell for a few moments, he made haste to the courthouse, and rang the court bell to give all our citizens alarm.  In a few minutes many were at the scene of the conflagration, and, among the first, Col. Drake, jailor.  With nothing to protect his person but his sleeping vestments, he, not without great risk, made his way up to the cell of James, a run-away slave advertised in last week’s paper.  When he had opened one day, the smoke and falling flames being beyond endurance, he was compelled to retreat, and was not even able to do so without slight injury.  A ladder was procured, and Mr. Cooper, chief engineer of the Plank Road, who had come to our village on the preceding evening, ascended it with a sledge, and made a strong but unsuccessful effort to break in the window grates of the prisoner’s cell. The last ray of hope for the rescue of James departed with those efforts.  During the continuance of efforts for his release, his account of the origin of the fire was, that some one came into the jail with a candle and ignited the building. – When Mr. Cooper informed him that he must perish in the flames, being then asked how the fire originated, he was distinctly understood by several to acknowledge himself the incendiary.  He then most fervently implored mercy, wrapping his blanket closely around his body, and laid himself down, after which no more was heard save the piercing shrieks at the falling in of the roof.  His body was of course entirely consumed.

Al the doors were safely locked by the jailer [sic].  That the negro was the builder of his own pyre there is not a doubt, and it is little less certain how he procured the means.  On Thursday last William Mataw, a free mulatto, was committed to jail for the cost of some misdemeanor, and confined in the cell with James for own night.  Mataw had matches in his pocket, and informed the jailer the next day, after he had been set at liberty, that his pockets had been searched; but the latter, considering him drunk, thought the disclosure unworthy of attention. – The fire appeared to have been started in the partition between the prisoner and the entry, and it was perfectly clear to every one present that it was kindled in the cell.

Notwithstanding the jail was immediately surrounded by a high plank paling, Mrs. Hoover’s stables standing a few paces north and Mr. Worth’s store but a little farther south, the fire was communicated to noting beyond its wall, the wind blowing from the west and carrying the flames in a direction where no buildings were.  It is singular that the negro was not heard to make the slightest noise till the citizens had assembled.  His object doubtless was to escape.  In consequence of fears entertained by the Sheriff that he might break out, as did two prisoners some weeks ago, he had been chained, but had picked or broken the lock when burnt.  Such are the facts, so far as we have been able to collect them, connected with this sad loss of life and destruction of public property.  We are now without a jail, the old one having been torn down and the new one being in ashes.  The brick wall is still standing, but entirely ruined, having cracks from top to foundation in various places.  Ashboro’ Herald.

Carolina Watchman, Salisbury, 20 Feb 1851.

He says that he is free, but cannot make it appear.

NOTICE.  There is in the common jail in Jones County, N.C., a negro man aged about 20 years, dark copper color, about 150 pounds, says his name is JOHN CARY, and came from Princess Anne county, Va., to Gates county, N.C., and worked with Nathan Parker for some time, then went to Craven county and worked on the Atlantic and N.C. R.R., then to Jones county. He says that he is free, but cannot make it appear, and also he is indicted as a free negro for migrating into the State.  The owner is notified to come forward, prove property, pay charges, and take him away, or he will be dealt with according to law.   J.H. NETHERCUTT, Sheriff.  May 15, 1860.

Weekly Standard, Raleigh, 16 May 1860.

Threatened his life if he said otherwise than that he was a slave.

A KIDNAPPING CASE.

On Friday last, a man whose name is supposed to be Elisha Kirkman, arrived here by the way of the Rail Road, bringing with him a black boy 14 or 15 years of age, whom he represented to be his slave.  The next day he sold the boy, for $325, to Mr. R.H. Grant, of this town, giving the usual warrantee title to him, and signing the bill of sale John Parker.  Soon after the purchase was a made and a check for the amount had been given, Mr. Grant questioned the boy as to where he came from &c., when the boy declared he was free, and gave this account of himself: That his name is Edward Bailey, and is a native of Guilford County, in this State, where his father, whose name is Samuel Bailey, and who is a bricklayer by trade, now lives.  That the County Court of Guilford, some four or five months since, bound him until twenty-one years of age, to one Alvin or Alva Kirkman,  That the man who brought him here is the brother of the man to whom he was bound, and that he bought his (the boy’s) time from his brother with two horses and a few dollars in money.  That after he got him into possession, he brought him down the country, travelling with a horse-wagon, pretending that he was going to the sea-shore to get a load of oysters.  That after they struck the Rail Road, somewhere near Rocky Mount, Kirkman threatened his life if he said otherwise than that he was his slave, and leaving the wagon, they came on here in the cars, Kirkman selling him as above mentioned.

After hearing this statement, Mr. Grant went in pursuit of Kirkman, and demanded to have the check which he had given him for the boy returned.  He returned it readily. Mr. Grant then got out a process for his apprehension.  – He was arrested as he was going on board one of the Charleston Steamers, to take passage on her, and committed to jail. He now acknowledges that the boy is free.  On Monday he was examined before Justices Nichols and Peden, and in default of bail, was remanded to jail, to stand a trial before the Superior Court for New Hanover county. – Wilmington Chronicle of the 8th inst.

Carolina Watchman, Salisbury, 16 March 1848.

In the 1850 census of Southern Division, Guilford County: Samuel Baily, 53, black, laborer, wife Nancy, 35, and children James M., 7, and Mary Jane Baily, 5. Next door, the household of James Woody, a white blacksmith.

He had no right to come back.

The Wadesboro’ Argus tells of a free negro who lived in Wadesboro’, and removed to Ohio; but soon found he could not live as well there as in North Carolina, and came back.

If this negro staid out of the State 90 days he had no right to come back, according to law.  We hope there has been no neglect of the law in this matter, on the part of the proper officers. No free negro is allowed by law to come into this State.  Any person who brings one in as an emigrant, either by land or water, is liable to a fine of $500.

We notice this case in order to arouse the attention of the officers of the law.  – North Carolinian.

Carolina Watchman, Salisbury, 10 Oct 1850.

Reward for stolen free papers.

TEN DOLLARS REWARD.  The undersigned offers the above reward for his Free Papers, which were stolen from his house in Davidson county, on the 13th January, 1851.  They were signed by John Shuman, Jr., certifying that I am free, and by J.M. Brown, J.P., with a certificate attached from the Clerk of the County Court, John Giles, by John H. Hardie, Deputy Clerk, and dated October 1, 1844.   IRVIN FREEMAN.  Feb. 1, 1851.

Carolina Watchman, Salisbury, 6 Feb 1851.

In the 1850 census of Northern Division, Davidson County: Irvine Freeman, 35, and wife Biddy, 34.